HUNDRED DAYS OF REFORM DEFINITION AP WORLD HISTORY SERIES
Civilizations developed along a series of watersheds, starting with the Nile River valley and arching up the Mediterranean coast, eastward toward Iraq and southward along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers until reaching the Persian Gulf. Cultural Geography Historic Cultures The Fertile Crescent is considered the birthplace of agriculture. The social and political geography of the continent continues to inform and influence the rest of the world. Its indigenous cultures pioneered many practices that have been integral to societies for centuries, such as agriculture, city planning, and religion. Asia is home to the world’s earliest civilizations.
Asia’s physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately. Today, Asia is home to the citizens of Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste (East Timor), Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, and Yemen. These classifications are Western Asia, Central Asia, Southern Asia, Eastern Asia, Southeastern Asia, and Northern Asia.
Today, the term “Asia” is used as a cultural concept, while subregion classifications describe the distinct geopolitical identities of the continent. Ancient Asian peoples, however, saw themselves as a varied and diverse mix of cultures-not a collective group. The geographic term “Asia” was originally used by ancient Greeks to describe the civilizations east of their empire. It is also the world’s most populous continent, with roughly 60 percent of the total population. Asia is the largest of the world’s continents, covering approximately 30 percent of the Earth’s land area.
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